Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) is a security process that requires users to provide two different forms of identification to verify their identity before granting access to a system, application, or account. The two factors typically involve something the user knows (like a password or PIN) and something the user has (like a smartphone or hardware token). 2FA adds an extra layer of security beyond just a password, making it more difficult for unauthorized users to gain access, even if they have obtained the password.

2FA is widely used across various platforms, including online banking, email services, and social media, to protect sensitive information and prevent unauthorized access. Common methods of 2FA include SMS-based verification codes, authenticator apps, hardware tokens, and biometric factors like fingerprint or facial recognition. By requiring a second form of verification, 2FA significantly reduces the risk of account compromise due to password theft, phishing, or other cyberattacks. Implementing 2FA is a critical step in enhancing security for both individuals and organizations, helping to protect against increasingly sophisticated threats.