Quality Assurance (QA) is a systematic process used in software development to ensure that the final product meets the specified requirements and is free of defects. QA involves a range of activities, including planning, design, testing, and process improvement, all aimed at enhancing the quality of the software. Unlike Quality Control (QC), which focuses on identifying and fixing defects in the final product, QA is proactive and process-oriented, emphasizing the prevention of defects during the development lifecycle. QA practices include setting quality standards, conducting code reviews, performing automated and manual testing, and ensuring compliance with industry best practices.

QA is crucial in delivering reliable and high-quality software, reducing the risk of bugs, and ensuring a positive user experience. It involves close collaboration between developers, testers, and other stakeholders to define quality criteria, design test plans, and continuously monitor and improve development processes. Modern QA practices often integrate into Agile and DevOps workflows, promoting continuous testing, rapid feedback loops, and seamless integration with development and deployment pipelines. Effective QA not only helps in detecting issues early but also in reducing costs, improving customer satisfaction, and maintaining a competitive edge in the market.