Log rotation is the automated process of managing log files to prevent them from consuming excessive storage space and to maintain system performance. As applications and systems continuously generate logs, these files can grow significantly over time. Without proper management, large log files can lead to storage issues, slow system performance, and difficulties in log analysis.​

How Log Rotation Works:
1. Triggering Conditions: Log rotation can be initiated based on specific criteria, such as when a log file reaches a certain size, after a set time interval (e.g., daily or weekly), or manually by an administrator.​
2. Rotation Process: Upon meeting the rotation criteria, the current log file is closed and renamed, often appending a timestamp or sequence number to indicate its archival status. A new log file with the original name is then created to continue logging activities.​
3. Post-Rotation Actions: Older log files can be compressed to save disk space, archived for long-term storage, or deleted based on retention policies.​

Benefits of Log Rotation:
Efficient Storage Management: Prevents log files from consuming all available disk space.​
Improved System Performance: Smaller log files are quicker to read and write, enhancing overall system responsiveness.​
Simplified Log Analysis: Organized and manageable log files facilitate easier troubleshooting and monitoring.​
Compliance and Security: Ensures that logs are retained and disposed of in accordance with organizational policies and regulatory requirements.​

Common Tools for Log Rotation:
Linux: Utilities like logrotate allow administrators to configure rotation schedules, compression settings, and retention policies.​
Windows: Log rotation can be managed through Event Viewer settings, Task Scheduler, or custom scripts using PowerShell.​